A Study of Connectionism Theory

Shahryar Banan, Muhammad Ridwan, Abdurahman Adisaputera

Abstract


The development of connectionism represents a paradigm shift in science. Connectionism has its root in cognitive and computational neuroscience. Likening the brain to a computer, connectionism tries to describe human mental abilities in terms of artificial neural networks. A neural network consists of a large number of nodes and units which are joined together to form an interconnection network. Within these interconnections, knowledge is distributed. Therefore learning is a processing by-product. This article is about the concept of connectionism, what it accounts for and what it doesn't take into account.  Finally, different approaches to connectionism are discussed.


Keywords


connectionism; neural networks; interconnection

Full Text:

PDF

References


Alahmad, Mana. The Role of Form–Focused Instruction on Foreign Language Learners. Budapest International Research and Critics in Linguistics and Education (BirLE) Journal Volume 2, No 4, November 2019, Page: 44-53 . www.bircu-journal.com/index.php/birle

Andrade, J., & May, J. (2004). Cognitive psychology. New York: Garland Science/BIOS Scientific Publishers.

Banan, S. Jahandar. S, Heydarpour, M. The Impact of Enhancing Skewed vs. Balanced Input on Iranian Low Intermediate EFL learners' Knowledge of Verb Use. Modern Journal of Language Teaching Methods 6 (6), 95.2016.

Clark, A., & Chalmers, D. (2008). The extended mind. Retrieved October 29, 2008, from http://consc.net/papers/extended.html

Connectionism. (2015). In Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy online. Retrieved March 29, 2015, from http:// plato. stanford.edu /entries/ connectionism

Ellis, N. (2006). Language acquisition as rational contingency learning. Applied Linguistics, 27(1), 1-24.

Ellis, R. (1994). The study of second language acquisition. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Elman, J. L. (2008). Connectionism, artificial life, and dynamical systems: New approaches to old questions. Retrieved October 29, 2008, from http://crl.ucsd.edu/~elman/Papers /companion.pdf

Hadley, A. O. (2003). Teaching language in context. Boston: Heinle & Heinle Publishers.

Jacobs, B., & Schumann, J. (1992). Language acquisition and the neurosciences: Toward a more integrative perspective. Applied Linguistics, 13, 282-301.

Mitchell, R., & Myles, F. (2004). Second language learning theories (3rd ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Rahmatirad, Mahbobeh. The Effect of Task-Based Syllabus on Iranian EFL Learners. Budapest International Research and Critics in Linguistics and Education (BirLE) Journal Volume 2, No 4, November 2019, Pages: 32-43.www.bircu-journal.com/index.php/birle

Rahimirad, Mostafa. The Impact of EFL Teachers’ Assessment Literacy on Their Assessment Efficiency in Classroom. Britain International of Linguistics, Arts and Education (BIoLAE) Journal ISSN: 2685-4813 (Online), 2685-4805 (Print) Vol. 1 , No. 1, July 2019, Page: 9-17

O’Brien, G., & Opie, J. (2002). Radical connectionism: Thinking with (not in) language. Language and Communication, 22(3), 313-329.

Pinker, S., & Prince. A. (2004). On language and connectionism: Analysis of a parallel distributed model of language acquisition. Retrieved March 29, 2015, from http://users.ecs.soton.ac.uk /harnad/Papers/Py104/pinker.conn.html

Poersch, J. M. (2005). A new paradigm for learning language: Connectionist artificial intelligence. Linguagem & Ensino, 8, 161-183.

Thomas, M. S. C., & Karmiloff-Smith, A. (2002). Modeling typical and atypical cognitive development: Computational constraints on mechanisms of change. In U. Goswami (Ed.), Blackwell handbook of childhood cognitive development. (pp. 576-599). Malden: Blackwell Publishers.

Waring, R. (2015). Connectionism and second language vocabulary. Retrieved March29, 2015, from http://www.fltr.ucl.ac.be/fltr/germ/etan/bibs/vocab/connect.html




DOI: https://doi.org/10.33258/birci.v3i3.1181

Article Metrics

Abstract view : 353 times
PDF - 137 times

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

 

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.