Analysis of Community Institution Empowerment as a Village Government Partner in the Participative Development Process

As a constitutional legal entity, the village was transformed into a state that appeared to mobilize collective actions from below and from within. Therefore, participatory development planning autonomy becomes the mandate of the law that must be implemented by development actors. In a matter of statistical figures it is often mentioned that the inhabitants of this country with the largest percentage (more than 60 percent) live in rural areas. Some live in cities. Thus the empowerment of village community institutions has a Abstract

very strategic position and the most important part in the realization of development ideals. This then makes it important to know empowerment to the involvement of village community organizations as village government partners in assisting the performance of the Village Government to achieve development goals in the village.
Soekanto in Ismail (2019) social change refers to changes in social aspects, community governance, and group behavior patterns. One example of social change is the increasing number of formal community institutions. For example various organizations ranging from government organizations, to social gathering organizations, are now becoming more formal, with a more rational pattern of relations. This is different from social organizations in the past, which are more informal by using emotional relationships.
Types of Community Institutions Village / Kelurahan precisely in Percut Village are PKK (family welfare development), KARTAR (youth organization) and Community Empowerment (LPMD / K) or referred to by other names, traditional institutions and other social institutions as needed. Village / Kelurahan community institutions are tasked with empowering village / kelurahan communities, participating in planning and implementing development, and improving village community services (Permendagri No.5 of 2007 regarding guidelines for structuring community institutions. However, this cannot be realized properly due to lack of interest, Community's skills and knowledge in the field of development, so that it inhibits the community from participating in activities in the Community Institutions such as PKK activities, whereas Human Resources / community is a supporting factor in the Community Institution in Percut Village. As a partner of the Village / Kelurahan Government, the tasks of Community Institutions include 1) preparing participatory development plans; 2) implement, control, utilize, maintain and develop participatory development; 3) mobilize and develop participation, mutual cooperation and community self-help; 4) developing the dynamic conditions of the community in the context of community empowerment (Krisnawati, 2017). In carrying out these tasks, social institutions must be equipped with sufficient skills and capacity. So that it can be a mobilizer in the development of a village.
Borrowing the perspective of Anthony Giddens (1984), that state and society relations should no longer be understood as a dualism relation that negates each other, but rather a practice of social interaction that is duality, mutual respect and respect. This kind of thinking construction is important to restate in order to examine the current state and community relations situation and to propose ideas in the future.
Reading the problems presented above, the researcher realizes that the empowerment of community institutions as partners in village governance is not yet optimal in managing the village development process. So it is important and interesting to examine the reasons, first starting from the researchers' anxiety over the lack of documentation of political dynamics in the empowerment of social institutions that have been taking place at the local level. Second, the complexity of the problem of village development should be used as a momentum to reform from upstream to downstream. Village government officials and the community have a great responsibility for the development planning process. In order to implement the development program according to regulations and guidelines, synergy with the community cannot be ignored. The strengthening and empowerment of social institutions is a public effort to maintain accountability and transparency as well as sovereignty in the administration of village governance. Community participation is the key word for development to be successful (Kelvin, Dewi Rostyaningsih, 2012). Third, empowerment and improvement of the function and role of village community institutions have a strategic meaning.
Village community institutions are a forum for village community participation as village government partners and are tasked with empowering village communities, participating in planning and implementing development, and improving village community services. Therefore it is important to empower village community organizations as village government partners in the context of implementing participatory development.

II. Reseach Method
This research is qualitative in nature with a descriptive-analytical type of research on the empowerment of social institutions as partners of the Village Government in implementing participatory development. Qualitative research interpreted by Denzin and Lincoln (2009) is a study that uses natural reasoning, with the intention of interpreting phenomena that occur and is carried out by involving a variety of available methods (descriptive). Descriptive type aims to describe a temporary situation (social settings) running during the study and examine the causes of a particular symptom. This means that the data, facts collected form words or pictures rather than numbers. In other words describe what, why and how an event occurred.

Analysis of Community Institution Empowerment as Village Government Partners in the Participatory Development Process
Village community institutions are tasked with empowering village communities, participating in planning and implementing development, and improving village community services. As a partner of the Village Government, the tasks of Community Institutions include: 1. Develop a participatory development plan 2. Implement, control, utilize, maintain and develop participatory development 3. Mobilize and develop participation, mutual cooperation and community self-help 4. Developing the dynamic conditions of the community in the context of community empowerment The types of community organizations in Percut Village are: 1. Rukun Tetangga (RT), Rukun Warga (RW) 2. Fostering Family Welfare (PKK) 3. Youth Organization (KARTAR) 4. Community Empowerment Institute (LPM) RT / RW has the task of assisting the Village and Lurah Governments in carrying out government affairs, functions: Population data collection and other government administrative services; Maintenance of security, order and harmony of life between citizens; Making ideas in the implementation of development by developing the aspirations and pure self-help of the community; and Self-help mobilizers and community participation in the region.
The Village / Kelurahan PKK has the task of assisting the Village / Lurah Government and is a partner in empowering and improving family welfare, including: compiling the Village / Kelurahan PKK work plan, in accordance with the results of the District Rakerda, carrying out activities according to the agreed schedule, instructing and mobilizing groups Village / Neighborhood PKK, RW, RT and dasa wisma in order to realize the activities that have been prepared and agreed upon, explore, move and develop the potential of the community, especially families to improve family welfare in accordance with established policies, carry out outreach activities to families-families that include guidance and motivation activities in an effort to achieve a prosperous family, provide guidance and guidance regarding the implementation of work programs, participate in the implementation of agency programs related to family welfare in the village / kelurahan, make reports on the results of activities to the PKK TP Districts with a copy to the Chairperson of the local PKK TP Trustees Board; carry out administrative order; and hold consultations with the Chairperson of the local PKK TP Trustees Board. TP PKK Village / Kelurahan in carrying out their duties function: instructors and community mobilizers to want and be able to carry out the PKK program; and facilitators, planners, executors, controllers, coaches and mentors of the PKK Movement.
In this regard, in carrying out their duties, social institutions have functions: collection and distribution of community aspirations in development, planting and fertilizing a sense of unity and community unity in the framework of strengthening the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia, improving the quality and acceleration of government services to the community, preparing plans, implementing , preservation and development of participatory development outcomes; the development and driving of community initiatives, participation, and self-help in community development, empowerment and improvement of family welfare, and empowerment of community political rights. Furthermore, the tasks and functions of social institutions are specifically adjusted based on the type of institution.
The Government of the Republic of Indonesia was formed to protect the whole of the Indonesian people and all of Indonesia's blood, to promote public welfare, to educate the life of the nation and to carry out world order based on eternal peace and social justice for all Indonesian people. Based on the mandate of Law Number 06 Year 2014, according to Badaruddin et al (2020) this law defines the empowerment of the villagecommunityas aneffortto developtheindependence andwelfare ofthe community by improving knowledge, attitude, skills, behaviour, ability, awareness and utilising resources through the utilisation of policies, programs, activities and mentoring in accordance with the essence of the problem and priority needs of the villagers. Through the efforts of this empowerment programme, the village community is expected to improve the village faster so that the development goals can be realised as soon as possible. The Government Regulation Number 43 Year 2006 clearly shows that the Community Institution is one of the Village community institutions that has an important role in the development of the Village, both in accommodating and channeling the aspirations of the Village community in the development of the Village, and in fostering and mobilizing community participation in village development.
To be able to run these social institutions effectively, Social Institutions such as the PKK really need human resources management / members who have adequate knowledge, skills and skills in village development and have a strong enthusiasm and commitment to carry out activities in the PKK.
From observations made by researchers in Percut Village, there are several phenomena that can indicate that the Community Institutions have not been maximized as village government partners in Participatory Development in Percut Village, Percut Sei Tuan District, namely: 1. Social Institutions have not yet played a role in the development planning consultation forum in the village. 2. Weak quality of knowledge and lack of community interest in participating in Community Society activities. Social Institutions are as reservoirs and distributors of community aspirations in village development. Where in this study the researchers looked at one of the Social Institutions namely PKK, PKK is one of the Community Institutions in Percut Village which is a place for community creativity in the process and as a partner of the village government in village participatory development. However, this was not realized, due to the weak role of the PKK in participating in the Musrembang in Percut Village and the lack of public knowledge in participating in the PKK activities.
Where the Empowerment of Social Institutions as Village Government Partners in the Participatory Development Process in which one of the social institutions in Percut Village is TP-PKK as a mobilizer cannot run optimally. TP-PKK is expected to be able to become a partner of the village government in preparing plans and implementing village development, so it should be able to work optimally in helping the village government realize the village development programs that have been jointly determined in the Village Development Planning Conference. But in reality, up to now the TP-PKK officials or other social organizations in Percut Village are not actively in charge so that the expected role of this institution does not materialize as expected. Community organizations in Percut Village, both TP-PKK and Youth Organizations, rarely take part in the implementation of participatory development programs such as the mutual assistance activities carried out by the Village Government.
In addition, the state of village development is part of the National Development that determines the success of national development. The success of village development will have an impact on the overall success of national development. The whole process of development activities that take place in the Village is an inseparable part of the National development which covers all aspects of community life.
In participatory development in the village, participation is one of the goals of the development itself. Without the participation of the community, the development will be meaningless and will not achieve the goals and objectives to be achieved. Where development without the support and participation of the community is an ineffective village development effort. Therefore, to foster community participation, it is necessary to have a village community organization that functions as a forum that can encourage and motivate the community to participate and play an active role in village development.
Where in this participatory development, Community Institutions have an important role in growing, increasing and mobilizing the participation of the village community to be able to actively participate in the process of village development activities by providing direction, fostering or counseling to the village community about the importance of village development for the survival of the community and as a village government partner in enhancing participatory village development in Percut Village. Therefore we need a social organization that is wise, honest, responsible, fair, and has the knowledge and skills in carrying out village governance equipped with quality village officials. This is consistent with what was stated by expert opinion Veithzal Rivai (2006: 148) that the role is a person's behavior that is expected to make a change and expectations that lead to progress, although not always in accordance with what is expected and as a benchmark for someone as a leader whether the person can improve performance in carrying out the tasks given to him so that it will make that person can maximize performance in carrying out their duties. Roles are defined from each expert including the role can be interpreted as behavior that is regulated and expected from someone in a certain position. The leader in an organization has a role, every job brings hope how the guarantor's role behaves. The fact that the organization identifies the work that must be and the desired role behavior that goes along with the work also implies that expectations regarding the meaning of the important role in regulating the behavior of subordinates. Similar to the social institutions in Percut Village, which require the role of the government in managing and managing social institutions.
Therefore, the empowerment of participatory social institutions in Percut Village must be developed and implemented. In accordance with expert opinion namely Mardikanto and Soebiato (2012) that "Empowerment in a nutshell can be interpreted as an effort to meet the needs desired by individuals, groups and the wider community so that they have the ability to make choices and control their environment in order to fulfill their desires, including its accessibility to resources related to its work, social activities and others. Empowerment of the ability of the group in question is the community (poor, marginal, marginalized) through the expression of opinions and / or needs, choices, participation and manage community institutions in an accountable manner to improve their lives.

The influence of Community Institution Empowerment on Participatory Village Development Orientation
So that social institutions have optimal functions and roles, they should increase their contribution and role in development management. Participatory development management provides a great opportunity for the community, including the development in decision making and empowering self-sufficiency to develop the potential and overcome the problems faced in order to realize a better quality of community life transformatively.
Various forms of Village development management actions may include activities: 1. Formulation of a shared vision and mission about the meaning, urgency and priorities of development. 2. Assessment of potential and shared social capital in support of the expectations of the desired changes. 3. Implement and control the program. 4. Conduct a program evaluation Vision, mission, strategy and development policies can be used as guidelines in the implementation of development over a period of five years and for the media to evaluate the performance of programs and activities so that the plan is more directed, detailed and measurable, it needs to be spelled out in the development program plan and an indication of activities. Kariono et al (2020) states participation is a benchmark in assessing whether the development project aims to strengthen / build the community or not, because, if the community does not have the opportunity to participate in the construction of a development project in the village, the project is essentially not a community development project. The level of participation in development is still limited, for example it is still limited to physical participation without a broad role from planning to evaluation. This condition is very influential if the empowerment institution cannot place its position as a partner in the village government. Social Institutions play a dominant role from planning to implement development programs or projects. With this orientation, of course, the village community and other stakeholders in the villages who should have a large role cannot develop their abilities and become "shackled" in innovation. This can be seen for example from the implementation of the Village assistance program (Bangdes) so far, precisely the role of government bureaucrats is very prominent. Talking about the condition and influence of Community Institutions as village government partners in participatory development is something that has an influence on the progress of development in a village.
Where in the development and progress of a village, much needed participation and the role of social institutions and local communities. In accordance with the opinion of the expert, Adisasmita R (2013), the participation of community members is the involvement of community members in development, including activities in planning and implementing development programs / projects that are carried out in local communities. Participation or community participation in development (rural) is the actualization of the concern, willingness and willingness of community members to sacrifice and contribute to the implementation of programs / projects implemented in their regions. Forms of community contribution can take the form of energy, funds, assets, and thoughts. The importance of community participation is one indicator of the success of development, meaning that no matter how great the results of development but ignoring the aspirations and participation of the community it is still stated as a failed development.
Responding to this situation, the researchers concluded that the Empowerment of Community Institutions as village government partners greatly has an influence on participatory development. Where social institutions as government partners and other social organizations function as facilitators, planners, implementers, and controllers at each level of government. In addition, for the implementation of empowerment and welfare programs including government partners in the field of population administration which has 10 main programs based on the PKK master plan and PKK movement strategy. As mentioned in Law No. 6 of 2014 concerning Villages, which has placed villages at the forefront of development and community welfare. Villages are given adequate authority and sources of funds to be able to manage their potential to improve the welfare of the community.

IV. Conclusion
1. Social Institutions in Percut Village do not play an active role in village development planning. One of the community organizations in Percut Village is that TP-PKK is not active in preparing and determining participatory village development plans where Percut Village social institutions are not active in accommodating, channeling and fighting for the aspirations of village communities in village development and are not active in encouraging and mobilizing participation and self-help mutual cooperation of village communities in village development. 2. The existence of the influence of the empowerment of village community organizations as village government partners, if community empowerment institutions do not run effectively in Percut Village. Where development in Percut Village has not been carried out optimally, with the following description: a. Several stages of the development planning process in each hamlet have not yet been carried out, including the preparation stage and the stage of discussing activities or determining the priority of activities to be submitted to the village musrenbang level.