Meaning and Function of Local Wisdom in the Proverb (Limbaga) Simalungun

In each region there is what is called cultural heritage, both written and oral, whether it is in the form of objects, beliefs, attitudes, attitudes and procedures, and games. Each cultural heritage is a characteristic of each region, although in certain forms it has similarities. Therefore, in an effort to develop a national culture that has a national personality and is based on it, it is necessary to grow it to raise noble social values which are useful for enriching the treasures of national culture as one of the elements of the nation's personality. So, it is only natural that we keep and preserve it. As we know, universal culture is Indonesian. In fact, it can reflect the whole character of Indonesian people. One of the ethnic groups in Indonesia is the Simalungun ethnic group in Simalungun district, North Sumatra province. In their daily activities, the Simalungun ethnic use the Simalungun language. The Simalungun language continues to develop and functions as a means of communication, a supporter of culture, and a symbol of the identity of the Simalungun people. To express the intentions and contents of the heart, a language speaker often conveys it through oral literary works that were born, lived and developed in the midst of the Simalungun community and passed down from one generation to another, word of mouth is a proverb in the language. Simalungun is called Limbaga. The presence of proverbs in an ethnic nation is strongly influenced by the thoughts, culture, and experiences of an ethnic nation. Limbaga (proverb) in the context of the Simalungun community is used not only to beautify the strings of words or pearls of language, but also a sentence that provides a deep and broad understanding of cultural and philosophical meaning, which is conveyed subtly and figuratively to avoid offending someone's heart. Nowadays, the use of Limbagadeclined (proverb) hasalong with the disappearance of the older generation and also due to technological advances. In the past, to give advice and gentle reprimands was expressed through Limbaga. However, now its Abstract


I. Introduction
In each region there is what is called cultural heritage, both written and oral, whether it is in the form of objects, beliefs, attitudes, attitudes and procedures, and games. Each cultural heritage is a characteristic of each region, although in certain forms it has similarities. Therefore, in an effort to develop a national culture that has a national personality and is based on it, it is necessary to grow it to raise noble social values which are useful for enriching the treasures of national culture as one of the elements of the nation's personality. So, it is only natural that we keep and preserve it. As we know, universal culture is Indonesian. In fact, it can reflect the whole character of Indonesian people.
One of the ethnic groups in Indonesia is the Simalungun ethnic group in Simalungun district, North Sumatra province. In their daily activities, the Simalungun ethnic use the Simalungun language. The Simalungun language continues to develop and functions as a means of communication, a supporter of culture, and a symbol of the identity of the Simalungun people.
To express the intentions and contents of the heart, a language speaker often conveys it through oral literary works that were born, lived and developed in the midst of the Simalungun community and passed down from one generation to another, word of mouth is a proverb in the language. Simalungun is called Limbaga.
The presence of proverbs in an ethnic nation is strongly influenced by the thoughts, culture, and experiences of an ethnic nation. Limbaga (proverb) in the context of the Simalungun community is used not only to beautify the strings of words or pearls of language, but also a sentence that provides a deep and broad understanding of cultural and philosophical meaning, which is conveyed subtly and figuratively to avoid offending someone's heart. Nowadays, the use of Limbagadeclined (proverb) hasalong with the disappearance of the older generation and also due to technological advances. In the past, to give advice and gentle reprimands was expressed through Limbaga. However, now its existence is difficult to find in the Simalungun community, especially in the younger generation who live in urban areas.
Therefore, researchers feel interested in researching Limbaga, because in Limbaga the wisdom of the Simalungun community is reflected which describes the values of wisdom.

Local Wisdom Theory
In the Big Indonesian Dictionary (2016), wisdom means wisdom, while local means local or a certain area. Local wisdom is a policy found in certain areas. This local wisdom generally originates from a combination of ideas from members of certain community groups which are then agreed to become common property within that community group. These ideas can cover various areas of life which are used and adhered to collectively. So, it can be concluded that local wisdom is wisdom in the form of knowledge in certain groups of people in organizing social life and adapting to the environment that is passed down from generation to generation. Local wisdom is cultural values that include systems of knowledge, beliefs, customs, livelihoods, living equipment, arts, language, and literature.
According to Sembiring (2019) Local wisdom is the wisdom or original knowledge of a community that comes from the noble value of cultural traditions to regulate the order of people's lives. Local wisdom can also be defined as local cultural values that can be utilized to regulate the order of people's lives wisely or wisely. Local wisdom belongs to the community whose attitude and personality are mature to be able to develop local potential and resources in making changes for the better.
Local wisdom is the original wisdom or knowledge of a community that comes from the noble values of cultural traditions to regulate the order of community life (Sibarani, 2012: 112). Local wisdom is used to regulate people's lives. Local wisdom is derived from oral tradition culture because local wisdom is a tradition inherited from generation to generation that can be used to regulate life in all fields. Furthermore (Sibarani, 2014: 135) states that wisdom can be classified into two types of wisdom or called (core local wisdom), namely welfare or prosperity and peace or justice. This type of wisdom needs to be explored through research from various existing aspects. From the two core values of local wisdom, other values of local wisdom can be obtained, as shown in the following chart.
Local wisdom is one of the solutions to environmental problems by raising local wisdom on the values of balance and environmental conservation (Fahrianoor et al 2013quoted in Hasbiah, 2015. The practice of local wisdom that is close to people's daily lives will be reflected in people's communities to protect nature. Like the Singosari people who made stories about Sumber Nagan and Sumber Biru as holy places, changing people's attitudes in protecting and preserving springs as a source of human needs. One evidence of community behavior is getting better facilities at the source location and performing rituals at certain times. (Dian, 2020).
Pandapotan (2019) states that various local wisdoms that have been maintained by ethnic groups in Indonesia are learned from nature, and consider everything that is good and useful, which they also learn from nature. Of course, the activities carried out continuously and passed on to the next generation are believed by anthropologists as an effort to preserve culture. Based on the values of local wisdom mentioned above, research on local wisdom in the body Simalungunmay have other meanings and functions of local wisdom, so it is very necessary to explore through this research. Marsella (2020) states that The form of educational values in folklore as a form of ideal values, values are always associated with things that are educational in society as traditional communities and Karo culture. The form of educational value in folklore is determined by the implied value as a mandate in the form of advice that influences the mindset of the reader or listener in seeing good and bad, right and wrong in social life. The form of educational values can be expressed intensely because that value is an object of reflection in hacking the form of local wisdom values that are biased towards culture and then impact on the behavior of the cultural community which makes the value of education have a function to educate.

Proverbs (Limbaga)
Proverbs in Simalungun are called limbaga. The use of limbaga in the Simalungun community is still visible today, although it is not as productive as in the past. The use of Limbaga (Proverb) is often found when communicating formally or informally. In the following, some opinions will be expressed that define proverbs.
Limbaga (proverb) is a sentence or group of words that states an intention or will, the condition of a person or something that expresses behavior, actions and things about a person. A proverb can also be interpreted as an expression which, although not directly, but implicitly conveys something that can be understood by readers or listeners.
Carventes defines 'a proverb is a short sentence that is extracted from a long experience'. Meanwhile, Bertrand Russel considers it 'the policy of the crowd which is one's intelligence'. (Danandjaya, 1982: 28). It is explained that proverbs are expressed in short sentences, but express something policy that can affect many people. Also a proverb which belongs to a group of people, but not everyone can use it correctly in communicating.

III. Research Methods
This research uses qualitative methods that aim to describe and analyze phenomena, events, social activities, beliefs, perceptions, thoughts of individuals and groups (Moleong, 2007: 7). The case study approach according to Ary in Idrus (2009) as an intensive investigation of an individual, but case studies can also be used to investigate small social units such as families, schools, or groups. Then to test the validity of the data obtained so that it is truly in accordance with the aims and objectives of the study, the researchers used triangulation techniques. According to Moleong in Angelia (2020), data triangulation is a data checking technique that utilizes something other than the data for checking or comparison purposes. Whereas for data analysis researchers are guided by the interactive technique of Miles and Huberman in Sugiyono (2008) that the activities in qualitative data analysis are carried out interactively and continuously until completion, so that the data is already saturated. Activities in data analysis are data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing / verification. Qualitative research interpreted by Denzin and Lincoln (2009) is a study that uses natural reasoning, with the intention of interpreting phenomena that occur and is carried out by involving a variety of available methods (descriptive). Descriptive type aims to describe a temporary situation (social settings) running during the study and examine the causes of a particular symptom. This means that the data, facts collected form words or pictures rather than numbers. In other words describe what, why and how an event occurred.

IV. Discussion
In general, limbaga (proverb) contains a figurative meaning which contains parables, comparisons, advices, principles of life, rules of behavior that apply to local customary traditions. Based on the research results obtained, it was found the meaning and function of local wisdom in the proverb (limbaga) of Simalungun as follows : "Like picking the leaves of the wake (the name of a type of vegetable), the more it is picked, the more fertile it is" This proverb is an advice so that we can easily give (charity) to others, because the more we often give, the Almighty God will reward in life. Appreciate the achievements

V. Conclusion
Proverb (Limbaga) Simalungun has a high cultural value contained in the local wisdom that includes the value of discipline, religious, high-minded, fairness, respect time, self reformation, loyalty, love peace, openness, courtesy, independent, ethics, perseverance, humility, respect for achievement, cooperation, introspection, commitment, social care, patience, respect for others, self-control, responsibility, honesty, optimism, thrift, and hard work. This research is still not perfect, therefore it is hoped that further research can be obtained so that other wisdom values can be obtained.