Development of Teaching Materials Drama for Web-Based to Improve the Students’ Skill for Digital Literacy and English Language for Students at FKIP UMSU

Technology can support and transform education in many ways, from making it easier for teachers to create instructional materials to enable new ways for people to learn and work together. Ainsyiyah (2020) states that the development of information and communication technology today is both a challenge and an opportunity to develop one's potential.Teaching process in the government and private university start to focus on the development of technology, such as the use of e-learning has been started at several universities especially University of Muhammadiyah Sumatera Utara has started to apply e-learning in every faculty and every subject who has been taught by lecturers. However in applying e-learning still having problems and it is not applied fully. It is caused by the lack of the lecturers’ experience and knowledge as well as the students. E-Learning is not full actively in the area. The socialization related to e-learning to the students and lecturers still needed. It hopes e-learning can be accessed easily, so that teaching learning process can run well and it can achieve the objectives of learning. According to Suroso (2018), the learning process on campus is an interaction event involving students, educators by implementing curriculum designs that are applied to the achievement of the acquisition of knowledge, mastery of certain skills, and the formation of good attitudes and self-confidence in students. The learning process is expected to continue to be able to develop and be able to produce innovative learning products that are able to compete and be able to answer challenges and be able to meet educational needs in the community. Abstract

Lecturers center or conventional method still used by lecturers in the classroom, while based on changing curriculum (KKNI) curriculum, teaching model in the classroom focuses on the students center not to the lecturer. The aim of learning based on competency. At the beginning, the curriculum refers to competency achievement, but it changes to be learning outcomes. Teaching process begins based on internet, on line or web especially during pandemic covid 19 problems. All the processes of learning are done by on line. It is started from primary until university level.
In order to improve the quality of the learning process and outcomes, many ways and efforts can be made by educators in realizing educational instructional goals, one of which is the use of learning materials or learning materials. Learning material is anything that can be used to convey a message from the sender to the recipient so that it can stimulate the thoughts, feelings, attention, and interests and attention of students so that an ideal learning process occurs. (Ediyani, 2020).
For solving the problem, the process of learning should follow the development of technology which is discussed for now day. Many issues deal with how to teach by on line. One way of learning processes in pandemic problem uses learning electronic system or elearning. It can be defined as one of technology information which applied in the education in the form of web-site that can be accessed wherever and whenever.
One of the subjects in the English department is drama. This subject is applied at seventh semester. For comprehending this subject, the English students should be successful in four subjects namely : reading, writing, speaking and listening and the students also have learned one of subjects related to literature. It is called introduction to literature. Based on the observation, it is found some students still got difficulties and weakness in terms of language skills. It is caused by the limitation of vocabulary and grammar, and the students' bravery and confidence in speaking have not achieved the competency standard that is expected.
Based on the problems above, it is very necessary to conduct the development of teaching materials in order the students can develop their literacy and English language skill. Syahputri (2017) expressed that the improvement of the students' ability in speaking can be improved by role playing method in studying drama. The finding of this research was the students' achievement in speaking were good by using Role playing which conducted in one semester. Based on the data, the students' achievement got improvement in every cycle. The students got A was 23.8%, B/A and B 76.1% and there were not students got C/B , D and E. It meant the indicators of this research could achieve by using Role Playing at drama lesson when we compared with conventional method, and the learning by using role playing is more interested than conventional method.
Furthermore, based on the finding of research to overcome the problems are suggested to develop the teaching materials based on online because it is suitable with the technology development in modern area. One model of teaching learning processes by on line is by the implementation of the blended learning method based on Edmodo application. Ekayati ((2017) revealed that the implementation of the blended learning method based on Edmodo application provided a positive impact when lecturers and students are actively involved in learning activities both on line and face to face. Furthermore, Ekayati (2015) revealed that Edmodo media could improve students' learning independence which is only 13.33% at pre-cycle. In the first cycle the results of the increase in learning independence were 29.52% and in the second cycle the results were 79.05%, and had reached the target of completeness. In addition, the level of awareness of the language of students measured by the level of language errors also showed a significant decrease in the value of errors whereas in the first cycle found a 65.71% language errors and 11.43% in the second cycle. This shows the difference in value decreases the error rate by 54.28%. These results indicated that Edmodo application has been optimally used in improving learning independence and also awareness of student language. Thus, blended learning method assisted by Edmodo shows good benefits considering how important it is to find a learning method that can help overcome learning problems especially learning English.

II. Review of Litertures
In this study, the researcher used some related literatures to explain about this research as follows:

Developing Materials
Developing material is the planning process by which a teacher creates units and lessons within those units to carry out the goals and objectives of the course. (Graves, 2000) materials development refers to anything which is done by writers, teachers or learners to provide sources of language input in ways which maximize the likelihood of intake (Tomlinson, 1998). According to Directorate of High School Development (2008:8-9) there are several reasons why teaching materials should be developed are as follows: a. The readiness of material as the curriculum instruction b. It is developed as the curriculum need c. The students' character is target d. Teaching material include in the social environment, culture, geographical as well as the steps of the students development. Based on material development and teaching model, previous research had conducted by the researcher, Syahputri (2015) , said that the development of teaching model in drama lesson based on creativity can improve the students' literacy as well as the students ability in speaking and literacy by using Role Playing method. But now so many changings in terms of means by self learning is a teaching and learning activity that involves students and teachers by using various learning resources both in class situations and outside the classroom. This is certainly not an easy job. Teachers/lecturers who act as facilitators in the learning environment must be able to accommodate the needs of students in learning activities. This condition is increasingly complicated by the development of information and communication technology today, where teachers/lecturers must be able to develop the application of technology in an integrated, systematic and effective manner. This is in accordance with the Regulation of the Minister of Education and Culture No. 65 2013 concerning the use of information technology to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of learning. Thus, learning with integrated information technology cannot be bargained to improve the quality and quality of teaching and learning.

Definition of Website
Website is a group of World Wide Web pages usually containing hyperlinks to each other made available online by an individual, company, educational institution, government, or organization. The purpose of a website is to turn visitors into prospect and the way to do this is to identify the major user types visiting your site speak to their needs and give them a clear step to take next. Accessed on April, 11th 2019 from Weblium.com, there are several popular types of websites such as ecommerce, entertainment , portfolio , media, brochure and educational website.

Web Based Learning
Web based learning is often called on line learning or e-learning because it includes online course contents-discussion forums via email, video conferencing, and live lectures (Video streaming) are all possible through the web. Web based may also provide statistics pages such as printed course materials. (www.ncbl.nlm.nih.gov.>pml.article>PMC.1125774). IGI Global as the of Timely Knowledge says that about web based learning as follows : 1. Web-based learning refers to the type of learning that uses the Internet as an instructional delivery tool to carry out various learning activities. It can take the form of (1) a pure online learning in which the curriculum and learning are implemented online without face-to-face meeting between the instructor and the students, or (2) a hybrid in which the instructor meets the students half of the time online and half of the time in the classroom, depending on the needs and requirement of the curriculum. Web-based learning can be integrated into a curriculum that turns into a full-blown course or as a supplement to traditional courses. 2. Non face to face, using web technologies, it is learning that occurs with lessons conducted via the internet. 3. Internet-enabled transfer of knowledge and skills. 4. This involves discussions, forums and course content through emails, live lectures, and/or videos. 5. Teaching material that is presented via the Internet, specifically the World Wide Web 6. Web-based learning consists of instruction programs using attributes and resources of the Web to create a meaningful learning and interactive environment. 7. Used synonymously as online learning. 8. A form of computer-based instruction that uses the World Wide Web as the primary delivery method of information. 9. The manipulation of a set of content analysis techniques aiming to establish a conceptual model of a task specific domain.

10.
A form of education where the resources and student faculty and student-student interactions take place on the World Wide Web . (IGI Global-Publisher of Timely knowledge).
Website is one teaching learning process which used website can be accessed by internet. It is known "web based learning". It is a type applying from e-learning (Rusman, 2012:263). It is constructed by several principles which determine the success of teaching learning process .The following principles of web based learning (Rusman, 2012:267-277): a. Web based learning is not meant they include only making communication by machine but other people ( students and tutor) both of them are not the same location and the same time. b. The useful The useful how the students are easy to use web. It has two important elements, it is consistent and simply. The main point is how the development of creating learning society which is consistence and simple, so that the students have not got difficulties in terms of teaching learning process as well as contents navigation.
c. Relevant Relevant is found through efficient and ease. Every information replaced into web. It is made in specific to increase students' comprehension and to avoid the bias. In terms of this involve a effective aspect design, contents and dynamic searching and contents replaced (materials).

Digital Literacy Skills
Literacy digital is life skills that does not involve the ability to use the information technology and communication , but also the ability of socialization, the ability of teaching and learning and having attitude, critic creative thinking as well as inspiration and competency (http://gln.kemdikbud.go.id.upload).

Drama
Drama is a mode of fictional representation through dialogue and performance. It is one of the literary genres, which is an imitation of some action. Drama is also a type of a play written for theater, television, radio, and film.
In simple words, a drama is a composition in verse or prose presenting a story in pantomime or dialogue. It contains conflict of characters, particularly the ones who perform in front of audience on the stage. The person who writes drama for stage directions is known as a "dramatist" or "playwright." Drama has one characteristic peculiar to itself. It is written primarily to be performed. There are six main elements of drama which serve as the basis of producing a successful play. The essential elements of drama include the plot of the story, the theme and the genre in which the story belongs the characters, the setting and the audience. Through drama, the students can improve their ability in literacy and language.

III. Research Method
This research is descriptive qualitative and quantitative research. This research is a development research which develops teaching materials in drama lesson to the students of English department of Teacher Training and Education at UMSU. The model of development which used is D4 and the steps of the research that conducted are define, design, develop, and disseminate. The data have been collected from questioners given to the students and lectures for getting evaluation from experts of materials, media in order to get a good Lesson plans in drama subject. To get the data, the questioner sheets had been given to the students and lecturers used the attitude scale by ranging very agree, agree, neutral, disagree and very disagree. Attitude scale is used to measure human attitudes towards the certain object (positive, neutral, or negative) (Sudjana, 2005:80). Linkert Scale used start from 1 till 5. Evaluation sheet of materials experts, lecturer and students used the range, excellent, good, enough, bad and very bad.
There are several steps to conduct this research. It was started by defining. In this step, the researcher tried to find out some problems during teaching learning process and at the teaching model. The problems were collected and tried to find the solution and finding the primary data. The second step is design. The researcher designed the teaching materials by using web based learning or by on line. In that teaching materials described how web described some kinds of literary works and what technique to analyze literary works as well as how to do the class activity or some tasks for students to be done from materials based on the steps of web based learning. The third is developing step. The teaching materials developed as the students' need.
Next step, the researcher made the validation the first draft by valuators in terms of materials and media. The product should be evaluated by the experts, and the researcher should make a revision whenever any some notes from valuators in order to make teaching materials are better to be draft two. Next, draft 2 gave to the students of English department FKIP UMSU as try out in small scale, then making revising for third. After all the instruments are validated, it found a final draft. In terms of disseminate steps, the researcher conducted a sharing teaching materials which were valid (Final draft) at small surrounding is the students who study at seventh semester by the different lecturers. To measure the students' improvement in terms literacy digital and English language, the researcher gave the students test. There are 6 questions related to materials given.

IV. Discussion
Data found from the experts of media, materials and students by answering some questionnaires as instruments of research. Based on the questioners, it found the advisability of media. Instrument of evaluation which will be used is adapted from need analysis, it is adapted from the list of indicator evaluation of visual communication aspects (Wahono, 2006) and it is adapted from the example of evaluation instrument of teaching materials by on line (Kustandi, 2011).
The validation of the experts of media is conducted to measure some aspects namely; usability, functionality and aspect of visual communication used Linkert scale. The range starts 1 up to 5. Score 5, 4, 3, 2, 1 meant strongly agree, agree, reluctant, disagree and strongly disagree respectively. Linkert scale used to get quantitative data, while the qualitative data taken from questionnaires. Besides, this study also used the students' test related to materials of drama. And the assessment from media expert can be seen in the table 1: Based on the chart above, it obtained a percentage score of eligibility from the aspects of usability is 78.75 %, aspects of functionality is 92.30%, while from the aspects visual communication is 77.50%, so the average percentage of eligible is 83.63 %. Based on the category of eligible, the learning media is very eligible. (81-100%). It is appropriate to be used in drama lesson.
Next, the assessment of the material experts gave three aspects be measured namely: learning design, content material, and language and communication. It can be shown in the following: Based on the above chart, the assessment of learning design got the average percentage of eligible is 76.66 %, the aspect of material contents is 80%, while the aspect of language and communication is 81.66 %. The average results based on three aspects is 79.50%. Based on the category of eligible from learning design is eligible. There were some suggestions and comments in terms of adding references, performance of picture should be clearer, but as general the materials are eligible and valid. While for lecture guide and students guide got some suggestions or comments which related with making guide in printed form, the poster is necessary to be zoom, but in general the guidelines are declared to be eligible and valid.
The students assessment results on web based learning media with the aspects usability with 19 items questions shown score 2390 from 32 students with percentage 77.68 %. Based on the category of eligible, it is eligible.
After the product is revised and stated eligible and valid by the experts, the materials are tried out to the students in the small scale. It is conducted by lecturer that taught drama. Based on the lecturers' assessment result shown the average is 85 % that is meant product is categorized eligible (81 %-100%). It found some suggestions and comments from the students which related materials design. Some mistakes in term of typing, PPT is designed should be interesting, the examples of references based on web is added more. After that, the product is revised, than it is conducted the try out in the field to the students for 32 students, the findings shown the average is 82 %, it meant the product still categorized very eligible. (81%-100%).
After the teaching materials are tried out, it is implemented in teaching learning process to measure the effectiveness of teaching materials. Generally, teaching learning process can be done well. The percentage of the students' achievement is 83 %. It meant the teaching materials are effective to improve the students learning outcomes in terms of drama.
By applying model 4 D (define, design, develop and disseminate model), it found the teaching materials web based is eligible and effective to improve the students' digital literacy and English language. Teaching materials put into UMSU Website that is elearning.umsu.com.
The revision covers the main aspects of teaching materials namely web display involves teaching material guide and teaching materials. The performance of web is the most important aspects from teaching material web based. Based on the result from the students, the performance of web is not interesting, it should be revised more attractive. (Rusman, 2009), every web has advantages and disadvantages; however, some of the students said that the web appearance is good and it made the students learn to be dependent. Their success in learning depends on their motivations. Dominantly, the students asked about the tasks given for example whether they are asked to make drama video or not? Because as far as their experience from previous learners, the students are expected to performance one of production of short drama as the final task in studying drama. By designing a short drama, it can be measured four skills of language namely : writing, reading, speaking and listening.
In this research, to measure the students' ability in terms of literacy digital and English language, the students asked to answer some tests related to teaching materials such as: text and video from web by giving link to the students. The students answer individually. In teaching materials included the aim of learning at per-meeting, General instructional objectives and specific instructional, so that students comprehend what is indicator that be measured.

IV. Conclusion
Based on the analysis of data and discussion, the research and development of teaching materials through web based learning in the drama lesson at Teacher Training and Education especially at English department is eligible and effective to improve the students' achievement in terms of digital literacy and English language. It can be proved from the average assessment result of experts of media and material that is 83.63% and 79.50 respectively. It meant that drama lesson design is eligible and it can be used for students who study in the seventh semester.