Analysis of Understanding of DPR Members against Gender Mainstreaming in DPRD Medan

Consistent and systematic attention to the differences of women and men in society accompanied by efforts to remove structural barriers in achieving Gender Equality and Justice (KKG), is part of the commitment of the Medan Government which must be fought for in a sustainable manner. Gender equality means that women and men enjoy the same status and conditions to use their rights and abilities fully in contributing to development, politics, economics, social and culture. Thus, gender equality is the same assessment given by the community on the similarities and differences between women and men, and on the various roles that they perform; access, participation, control and development benefits that they can get. Gender justice finds that women and men have different interests and needs that must be identified and addressed so that equality between men and women can be realized. Gender justice is a process of doing justice for women and men in which its realization requires various efforts to erase things that socially and historically have prevented women and men from being able to play a role and enjoy the results of the roles they play. Gender justice does not focus on equal treatment for men and women, but is more concerned with the realization of gender equality as a result. Gender inequality refers to an imbalance of power between men and women in society. This is reflected in the fact that women have less political power than men, less economic clout, they have less say within the community, and are subjected to gender-based violence both inside and outside the home. Around the world, women carry a double burden of paid labour and unpaid reproductive work in the home, and in almost every society, women are the poorest of the poor (Mercy Corps in Monga, 2019) Abstract

Gender Mainstreaming (PUG) has become an issue in development since the issuance of Presidential Instruction (Inpres) No. 9 of 2000 concerning Gender Mainstreaming (PUG) in Development. In order to improve the position, role and quality of women as well as efforts to promote gender equality and equality in family, community, national and state life, it is deemed necessary to carry out gender mainstreaming strategies in the entire national development process. Gender mainstreaming into the development process is an inseparable part of the development process. from the functional activities of all government agencies and institutions at the central and regional levels. Regulation (1) In an effort to accelerate the institutionalization of gender mainstreaming in all regency / city SKPDs, a Pokja PUG for regency / city; (2) PUG Working Group members are all heads of SKPD leadership; (3) The regent / mayor appoints the head of the Bappeda as the chairperson of the district / city PUG Working Group and the head of the OPD in charge of the task of empowering women as the secretary of the district / city PUG Working Group.
The existence of Bappeda as chair of the Working Group requires a commitment from Bappeda to strengthen the members of the Working Group. One of the activities that must be coordinated is how all DPOs make programs and activities into gender responsive programs and activities for the realization of equitable development and gender equality. Bappeda as the head of the working group conducts an evaluation of the implementation of PUG in each agency with the aim to find out the extent of PUG implementation in the agency and at the same time make recommendations for the implementation of PUG in Medan City.
Gender Responsive Planning and Budgeting (PPRG) is an instrument to reduce the gap in participation and utilization of development outcomes between women and men, in an effort to mainstream gender in development in order to realize equitable and gender equality development in aspects of access, participation, control and benefits.
Several regulations have been issued, mandating Governments at all levels to implement them, including those in the Medan City Government. The journey of PPRG in Medan has been quite long, through RPJMD Medan in 2016-2021, Gender Mainstreaming is still a strategic issue (encouraging development with a gender perspective), because it is one of the strategies undertaken to realize the fifth mission in the Medan RPJMD which is "growing develop stability, partnerships, participation and togetherness of all stakeholders in city development ", this is in accordance with the mandate of the 2015-2019 RPJMN where Gender Mainstreaming becomes a strategy and policy direction in realizing the national priority agenda, namely" building clean, effective governance, democratic and reliable (increasing the role and representation of women in politics and development) "and the agenda" strengthening the presence of the State in carrying out a system of reform and law enforcement that is free of corruption, dignified and trusted (protecting children, women and marginalized groups) ".
In In the framework of implementing the regulations and policies taken, it is deemed necessary to carry out activities of "implementing gender responsive budgeting" in order to analyze gender responsive city development budgeting activities in each Regional Apparatus Organization (OPD) within the Medan Government as well as providing an understanding of all OPDs in the Medan Government environment regarding gender perspective development.
Gender Mainstreaming is a strategy to achieve gender equality and justice through policies and programs that pay attention to the experiences, aspirations, needs and problems of women and men in the planning, implementation, monitoring and evaluation of all policies and programs in various fields of life. Based on the agreed law, the Regional Government needs to carry out gender mainstreaming in order to carry out the planning, preparation, implementation, monitoring, and evaluation of regional development policies and programs that have a gender perspective in accordance with their fields of duties and functions, as well as their respective authorities, so that the Regional Governments can work more efficiently and effectively in producing public policies that are just and gender responsive to their people, women and men. Public policies and services as well as programs and legislation that are fair and gender responsive will produce equitable benefits for all people, both women and men. PUG is an effort to uphold women's and men's rights to equal opportunities, equal recognition and equal respect in the community. PUG leads to the achievement of gender equality and hence PUG increases the accountability of the Government to its people.
The successful implementation of PUG in the regions strengthens the socio-political and economic life of the region, can work more efficiently and effectively in producing public policies that are just and gender responsive to its people, namely women and men. The benefits of implementing GM in the regional development program can be used to identify whether men and women have equality in the following matters namely; obtain equal access to development resources, participate equally in the development process, including in the decision making process, have the same control over development resources; and obtain the same benefits from the results of development.
The long journey of Gender Responsive Budgeting Planning undertaken by the Medan Government with reference to the Presidential Instruction, Ministerial Decree up to the Mayor Regulation, but in its implementation has not yet yielded maximum results, therefore it is necessary to have a stronger legal foundation on Planning for Gender Responsive Budgeting in the form of regional regulations made by DPRD Medan. Based on the background of this problem the authors are interested in conducting research with the topic "Analysis of the Understanding of Members of DPRD towards Gender Mainstreaming in DPRD Medan"

Research Design
This study uses a qualitative case study approach. This approach was chosen so as to be able to reveal in depth about how DPR Members' Understanding of Gender Mainstreaming in DPRD Medan. This is in accordance with what was said by Bogdan and Taylor (Kaelan: 2012) that qualitative research methods are as research procedures that produce descriptive data in the form of words, notes relating to meaning, value and understanding. In addition, qualitative methods always have a holistic nature, namely the interpretation of data in relation to various aspects that may exist.

Research Location and Research Time
This research was conducted at DPRD Medan with an office in Jalan Maulana Lubis Street number 1, Medan. North Sumatra Province. This research was conducted for one year, namely in early 2020 until the end of 2020. The implementation will begin after obtaining a graduation decree from the UMSU Research and Community Service Institute (LPPM)

Figure 1. Research Location in Medan City DPRD Office
Source: Google Maps

Fishbone Diagram
Understanding DPRD members to mainstreaming

Figure 2.Research Fishbone Diagram
Program Policy

Environment Public
Understanding DPRD members to mainstreaming

Research Subjects
In this study, the terms used for research subjects are Informant and Key Informant. This refers to what was written by Idrus (2009) about the characteristics of qualitative research. Idrus explained that in qualitative research the research objectives apply (referred to) as research subjects. Where the terms used to refer to research subjects are informants and key informants (Idrus, 2009). Therefore, in this study, the informants interviewed will be taken purposively based on certain considerations and goals. This is consistent with what was explained by Sugiyono (2010), purposive sampling is a sampling technique for data sources with certain considerations. This particular consideration, for example, the person who is considered most knowledgeable about what we expect, or maybe he as a ruler so that it will facilitate researchers to explore the object / social situation under study. And in this study also viewed from the age, religion, education and informant period is very vary in order to get objective interviews about the issues to be explored. Also informants by sex are also a consideration, whether between men and women have different understandings in Gender Mainstreaming. The number of informants taken was 5 from 50 members of DPRD Medan from 5 factions.

Techniques Collection of Data
The data in this study were collected in two ways: first, secondary data was collected from various books, journals, research reports and online news. Second, primary data were collected through in-depth interviews.

Techniques Analysis of Data
The data that has been collected will be analyzed with an interactive qualitative approach model as proposed by Miles and Huberman, which consists of three main things, namely: Data Reduction, Presentation of Data, and Conclusion / Verification, as a matter of intertwining before, during, and after data collection in parallel forms, to build general insights called analysis (Idrus, 2009).

III. Result and Discussion
Gender mainstreaming or abbreviated PUG is a strategy that is carried out rationally and systematically to achieve and realize gender equality and justice in a number of aspects of human life (household, community and country), through policies and programs that pay attention to women's experiences, aspirations, needs and problems and men into the planning, implementation, monitoring and evaluation of all policies and programs in various fields of life and development. (Wikipedia Indonesian) The implementation of Gender Mainstreaming by fulfilling a set of key components, hereinafter referred to as 7 (prerequisites) of Gender Mainstreaming.

Commitment
Political Commitments and institutional leadership can be set forth in a. Strategic plan? Work plans in the form of other commitments determined by the Ministerial Decree for the Ministry level and Decision of the Leaders of the Echelon I Unit at the Echelon I level. and is signed by, leader of this echelon for and on behalf of the head of the unit concerned or unit head of the work unit for and on behalf of the head of the echelon I unit concerned.

Policy
It is a form of commitment aimed at the realization of gender equality in various fields of development in accordance with the main tasks and functions.

Institutional
The existence of institutional structures and mechanisms that support the implementation of Gender Mainstreaming, can take the form of working groups? Gender Mainstreaming Team, Focal Points, Secretariat for Planning and Gender Responsive Management (PPRG) and others.

Resource
Resources in the implementation of gender mainstreaming are human resources who have the sensitivity, knowledge and skills of gender analysis, as well as sufficient budgetary resources to implement gender mainstreaming.

The existence of disaggregated data
The disaggregated data are quantitative data according to gender, status, condition of men and women, regions and other categories that support all fields of development.

Analysis tool
There are analytical tools for planning, budgeting, and monitoring and evaluation in the implementation of gender mainstreaming.

Society participation
There is encouragement and involvement of the community in the implementation of gender mainstreaming. Role and the community can be pursued in the form of a communication forum with gender experts or organizations involved in the implementation of gender mainstreaming and Gender Responsive Budgeting (PPRG) and or the community who become Stakeholders.
If we pay attention to Gender Mainstreaming which is a development strategy that is Responsive to Gender "Policy" is very much needed as an acceleration of development.
Where the highest policy in the District is a Regional Regulation (Perda), Therefore in this study after knowing the extent of understanding of members of DPRD Medan towards Gender Equality and subsequently accelerating the birth of Regional Regulations in the city of Medan, both proposals from executives in the form of Regional Regulation or initiatives from the members DPRD themselves. Therefore, in this study the researchers paid close attention to the characteristics of Members DPRD who were used as Respondents so that get maximum results and can represent the votes of the Legislature they will be.
There were 14 political parties that passed in the 2019 Election, but for the city of Medan there were 10 parties that won or gained seats. 4 This party has not received sympathy from the people of the city of Medan. This table also describes the profile and characteristics of Members DPRD Medan who are expected to give birth or endorse Regional Regulations in general and those that are Gender Responsive in particular. DPRD Medan having its address at Jalan Kapten Maulana Lubis number 1 Medan, with a total of 50 seats consisting of 44 male genders and 6 female genders means 12 percent, in the period 2019-2024 represented by 10 Political Parties with data, PDIP 10 seats, Gerindra 10 seats, PKS 7 seats, PAN 6 seats, Nasdem 4 seats, Golkar 4 seats, Democrat 4 seats, Hanura 2 seats, PSI 2 seats and PPP 1 seat. Of the 10 political parties divided into 8 factions , where the requirement to get one faction at least gets 4 seats. Therefore the Medan City DPRD consists of 8 factions namely the PDIP Faction, the Gerindra Faction, the PKS Faction, the PAN Faction, the Nasdem Faction, the Golkar Faction, the Democratic Faction and the Combined Faction namely the Hanura Party. PSI and PPP.
If we look at the data above by referring to Law Number 31   Respondents in this study consisted of 5 (five) people representing the Faction, namely the Gerindra, PKS, PAN, Golkar and the Combined Parties. Of the 5 (five) respondents consisting of 2 women namely from PKS and Gerindra, the researchers deliberately chose the party these represent women because they are considered as the Islamic Party and Nationalist party. With the aim of being able to contribute and differing views on the Understanding of Gender Mainstreaming, and 3 men from PAN, the Golkar Party and the Combined Party. Meanwhile, from a very perpariative age from the age between 20 to 60 years, when viewed from education between D3 to with S2.As for religion consists of 3 people of Islam and 2 people of Christianity.In terms of experience 1 person has served the 3rd period (third), 1 person served the 2nd (second) period and 3 more served 1 (first) period.
The identity of the above respondents deliberately combines from age, sex, education and number of periods, with the aim of getting very varied answers. If see the table above the answer to the question whether Medan already has a Local Regulation on Gender Mainstreaming? Of the five factions, all answered Not yet, but interestingly they gave different reasons, Duma Dame, member DPRD from Gerindra who has served 2 periods, even said that he did not understand the term Gender Mainstreaming and so did the politicians from PAN who had served 3 a period which states that they have not yet fully understood the importance of the local regulation on gender mainstreaming. However, Respondents from the Combined Faction gave their reasons because they were still prioritizing infrastructure and bureaucratic development. Another answer from the Golkar faction stated that the Draft Ranperda on Gender Mainstreaming had never been proposed by the executive. Nor was it in the form of an initiative from DPRD Medan. due to the absence of Parties from the elements of society or the executive who proposed the importance of the presence of this regulation in Medan. To be proposed as an initiative right, the DPRD Medan will certainly be willing if the Regional Regulation on Gender Mainstreaming can benefit all people / citizens of the city of Medan, and certainly will not cause any contra in the community, to support the government's efforts to carry out gender responsive development, DPRD Medan will certainly Willing. HT Bahrumsyah

PAN
Never As a Legislative Function, DPRD has the authority to propose and draft Regional Regulation Draft Special Ranperda as referred to, the DPRD needs input related to Academic Manuscript which contains juridical, philosophical and other reasons so that the Regional Regulation is very reasonable for Medan Government. Erwin Siahaan Combined Never One of the important things in the future parents cannot scold their children as they wish if their children are guilty.
From the responses, all factions stated that the city government had never submitted a draft regulation on Gender Mainstreaming to date. In connection with the DPRD Medan Initiative rights they had never done it, due to the large number of local regulations that the city government would make as a priority scale according to the city's needs.
The answer from the PAN faction is that as a legislative function, the DPRD has the authority to propose and draft the Regional Regulation as intended, the DPRD needs input related to Academic Manuscripts which includes sociological, juridical and philosophical reasons, so that the Regional Regulation is very reasonable for the Medan municipality. women from PKS who answered "I am still focused on several local regulations related to education and the disability community", also next year they plan to initiate child-friendly city regulations. However, the most dominant members of the Dprd answered that they are waiting for the proposed local regulation from the executive. Never I hope this Payakumbuh Government is sectoral, and our religion is concerned about its humanity, in this government it is rather difficult to be a woman All factions answered "Not yet" The DPRD does not yet have this regulation, but the city of Medan already has a regulation on the health of children under five and children. Ranperda whose actual content and meaning are almost the same so that it still needs the same perception about the building of the regional regulation that is related to one another or indeed it needs a separate draft specifically to serve as a guideline for the Executive in the implementation of Gender Responsive Development Budgeting. Answer 2 factions namely Golkar and PKS Faction said there were already, but 3 factions namely Gerindra, PAN and Gabungan answered that they had never heard the Medan city government have a mayor's regulation on gender mainstreaming in development.
From From the results of research that explains the meaning of Gender Mainstreaming is a Gender Responsive Development Achievement Strategy which consists of seven indicators or Prerequisites. If trained from the seven prerequisites in the research results, Policy becomes the second most important prerequisite in achieving Gender Responsive Development. With the existence of a legal umbrella policy, it will be stronger in the implementation of gender responsive development. Therefore, it is very important to provide an understanding of institutions that have the authority of policy makers such as the Legislature, with the issuance of a Board of Trustees on Guidelines for the Implementation of Gender Mainstreaming (PUG) Medan should the Executive make the Regional Regulation proposed to the Legislature to be made a Regional Regulation. However, with the results of research that states that the Legislature does not understand the importance of the Regional Regulation, the executive must first u held a Socialization on Gender Mainstreaming by providing adequate knowledge of the importance of applying gender equality between men and women in all areas of needs and life. It is hoped that with this gender equality there will be no more forms of discrimination and marginalization of women in our society.
Furthermore, in the discussion of this research will answer from the research problem formulation that has been proposed in the previous chapter, What is the understanding of members DPRD towards Gender Mainstreaming in DPRD Medan? What kind of support is given by members DPRD Medan to the acceleration of the Development of Women's Empowerment and Child Protection in Kota Medan.dan How is the understanding between the Legislature as a policy maker and executive as the executor of Gender Mainstreaming.
From the results of in-depth interviews conducted by researchers, the answers were obtained 1. Members of DPRD Medan do not yet understand the term gender mainstreaming in development. This is seen from the answer to the question "Does the DPRD Medan already have a Regional Regulation on Gender Mainstreaming" and the question "Has the DPRD ever ratified the Draft Regional Regulation relating to the Protection Rights of Women and Children in Medan city, from these two questions respondents said they did not know about the meaning of Gender Mainstreaming. Therefore they considered the Regional Regulation to be unimportant. In fact, there were Perda that started leading to Gender Mainstreaming such as the Regulation on prevention and handling of victims of Trafficking and Perda Health of children under five and children. Only the special local regulation on Gender Mainstreaming which is a Gender Responsive Development strategy that has never been discussed, even the Rule has never been proposed by the executive as the executor or other interested parties. I hope this Payakumbuh Government is sectoral, and our religion is concerned about its humanity, in this government it is rather difficult to be a woman 2. Members of DPRD Medan have not provided full support for the acceleration of the development of women's empowerment and child protection, this is seen from the lack of DPRD initiative rights in the drafting of a specific Regional Regulation on the Protection of Women and Children in Medan.
3. Between the Legislature and the Executive does not have an understanding of the protection of women and children, the executive should propose a draft regulation on the protection of women and children to be endorsed as a regional regulation. To be proposed as an initiative right, DPRD Medan will certainly be willing if the Regional Regulation on Gender Mainstreaming can benefit all people / citizens of the city of Medan, and certainly will not cause any contra in the community, to support the government's efforts to carry out gender responsive development, the DPRD Medan will certainly Willing. HT Bahrumsyah Never Because Not Too Understanding deeply about the importance of the existence As a Legislative Function, DPRD has the authority to propose and draft Regional Regulation Draft Special Ranperda as referred to, the DPRD needs input related to Academic Manuscript which contains juridical, philosophical and other reasons so that the Regional Regulation is very reasonable for Medan Government. Erwin Siahaan Never Because the focus is on Infrastructure and Construction One of the important things in the future parents cannot scold their children as they wish if their children are guilty.